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Control of trichome branching by Chromatin Assembly Factor-1. Exner V, Gruissem W, Hennig L. BMC Plant Biol. 2008 May 13;8(1):54. ...... meristem function and organ formation, are aggravated by external sucrose. Double mutant analyses revealed epistatic interactions between CAF-1 mutants and stichel, but non-epistatic interactions between CAF-1 mutants and glabra3 and kaktus. In addition, mutations in CAF-1 could partly suppress the strong overbranching and polyploidization phenotype of kaktus mutants. Conclusion: CAF-1 is required for cell differentiation and regulates trichome development together with ...... |
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The Arabidopsis KAKTUS gene encodes a HECT protein and controls the number of endoreduplication cycles. El Refy A, Perazza D, Zekraoui L, Valay JG, Bechtold N, Brown S, Hulskamp M, Herzog M, Bonneville JM. Mol Genet Genomics. 2003 Dec;270(5):403-14. ...... differentiation. Little is known about the way in which the number of endoreduplication cycles is controlled in such endopolyploid cells. In this study we have characterized at the molecular level three mutations in the Arabidopsis gene KAKTUS ( KAK), which were previously shown specifically to repress endoreduplication in trichomes. We show that KAK is also involved in the regulation of the number of endoreduplication cycles in various organs that are devoid of trichomes. KAK ...... |
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The HECT ubiquitin-protein ligase (UPL) family in Arabidopsis: UPL3 has a specific role in trichome development. Downes BP, Stupar RM, Gingerich DJ, Vierstra RD. Plant J. 2003 Sep;35(6):729-42. ...... T-DNA disruptions of the UPL3 locus do not affect overall growth and development of Arabidopsis, the mutants show aberrant trichome morphology. Instead of developing three branches, many upl3 trichomes contain five or more branches. The upl3 trichomes also often undergo an additional round of endoreplication resulting in enlarged nuclei with ploidy levels of up to 64C. upl3 plants are hypersensitive to gibberellic acid-3 (GA3), consistent with the role of gibberellins in ...... |
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...... development. The phenotype of upl3 mutants is similar to that of kaktus, a previously described set of trichome mutants with supernumerary branches. Genetic analyses confirmed that upl3 mutants and kaktus-2 are allelic with kaktus-2 plants harboring a splice-site mutation within the UPL3-transcribed region. Collectively, the data indicate that the ubiquitination of one or more activator proteins by UPL3 is necessary to repress excess branching and endoreplication ...... |
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Trichome cell growth in Arabidopsis thaliana can be derepressed by mutations in at least five genes. Perazza D, Herzog M, Hulskamp M, Brown S, Dorne AM, Bonneville JM. Genetics. 1999 May;152(1):461-76. ...... morphogenesis. Mutations affecting trichome nuclear DNA content, such as triptychon or glabra3, alter trichome branching. We isolated new mutants with supernumerary trichome branches, which fall into three unlinked complementation groups: KAKTUS and the novel loci, POLYCHOME and RASTAFARI. They map to chromosomes IV, II, and V, respectively. The trichomes of these mutants presented an increased DNA content, although to a variable extent. The spindly-5 mutant, which displays a ...... |
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...... response, also produces overbranched trichomes containing more nuclear DNA. We analyzed genetic interactions using double mutants and propose that two independent pathways, defined by SPINDLY and TRIPTYCHON, act to limit trichome growth. KAKTUS and POLYCHOME might have redundant actions mediating gibberellin control via SPINDLY. The overall leaf polysomaty was not notably affected by these mutations, suggesting that they affect the control of DNA synthesis in a tissue- or cell ...... |